Milton

¶1p. 511 Hactenus de virtutibus sive officiis specialibus erga proximum, qua is proximus duntaxat est: nunc de iis quæ sunt ERGA PROXIMUM NOBIS RATIONE ALIQUA RELATUM. Eaque sunt vel privata vel publica.

¶2Privata sunt vel domestica vel externa. Gen. xviii. 19. agnovi eum, ut quum præceperit filiis suis et familiæ suæ post se, etiam observent—. 1 Tim. v. 8. si quis suis, et maxime domesticis, non providet, fidem abnegavit, et est infideli deterior.

¶3Officia domestica sunt fere mutua, mariti et uxoris, parentum et liberorum, fratrum et cognatorum inter se, heri et servorum.

¶4MARITI ET UXORIS OFFICIA sunt communia vel propria.

¶5Communia sunt. 1 Cor. vii. 3. uxori vir debitam benevolentiam reddito: similiter autem et uxor viro.

¶6Propria sunt vel mariti vel uxoris. Mariti, Exod. xxi. 10, 11. alimentum ejus, operimentum ejus, et tempus ejus ne diminuito: quod si tria ista non fecerit ei—. Prov. v. 18, 19. lætare cum uxore adolescentiæ tuæ—. p. 512 Esth. i. 22. ut esset quisque vir dominator domi suæ—. 1 Cor. xi. 3. velim vos nosse, Christum esse omnis viri caput, caput autem mulieris virum. Eph. v. 25. viri, diligite uxores vestras, sicut et Christus dilexit ecclesiam. Col. iii. 19. viri, diligite uxores, et ne estote adversus eas amarulenti. 1 Pet. iii. 7. viri similiter cohabitent, ut scientes decet, vasi muliebri ut infirmiori tribuentes honorem—. Contrarium reprehenditur. Mal. ii. 13, 14, 15. Jehova testificatus est inter te et uxorem adolescentiæ tuæ, contra quam tu perfide agis—. Prov. v. 20, 21. quare errares, fili mi, cum extranea—?

¶7Uxoris. Prov. xiv. 1. sapientum fœminarum quæque ædificat domum suam. et xix. 14. a Jehova est uxor intelligens. et xxxi. 11, &c. confidit ei animus mariti ejus—. 1 Cor. xi. 3, &c. mulier gloria viri est: non enim est vir ex muliere, sed mulier ex viro—. Eph. v. 22, 23, 24. uxores, propriis viris subjicite vos, ut Domino; quoniam vir est caput uxoris, ut et Christus est caput ecclesiæ, et is qui salutem dat corpori: itaque—in omnibus. Col. iii. 18. uxores, subjicite vos propriis viris, ut convenit in Domino. Tit. ii. 4, 5. ut sapere doceant adolescentulas, ut sint maritorum ac liberorum amantes, temperantes, castæ, domi manentes, bonæ, quæ sese subjiciant propriis viris; ne sermo Dei blasphemetur. 1 Pet. iii. 1, &c. uxores sese subjiciant suis viris—. Monet idem ipsa mulieris origo, Gen. ii. 22. extruxit illam costam, quam sumpserat de Adamo, in mulierem; non autem est æquum, ut membrum unum, nec istud quidem ex primariis, toti corpori, atque etiam capiti inobsequens sit: deinde sic est Dei sententia, Gen. iii. 16. ipse dominabitur tibi.

¶8His officiis contraria sunt. Exod. iv. 25. vir sanguinum es mihi. Job. ii. 9. tum dicebat ei uxor ejus—. 2 Sam. vi. 20. egressa Michal filia Saulis obviam Davidi, dixit—. Prov. ix. 13. mulier stolida strepera est—. et vii. 11. in cujus domo non pedes ejus. et xiv. 1. stulta autem manibus suis destruit eam. et xix. 13. stilla continua jurgia mulieris. et xxvii. 15. idem. et xxi. 9. melius est habitare in angulo tecti, quam—. et v. 19. melius est habitare in terra deserti, quam—. et xxv. 24. idem. Eccles. vii. 26. inveni ego amarius quiddam morte; nimirum fœminam illam, cujus in animo sunt retia et plagæ, cujus in manibus p. 513 vincti: qui bonus videtur coram Deo ipso, liberatur ea, peccator vero capitur ea. Et maxime adulterium. Deut. xxii. 14, 20. congressus cum ea, non inveni in ea virginitatem: si vera fuerit res ista—.

¶9PARENTUM OFFICIA docentur Deut. iv. 9. ut notas facias eas filiis tuis et nepotibus tuis. et vi. 6, 7. erunt ista verba quæ ego præcipio tibi hodie in corde tuo, eaque diligenter ingeres filiis tuis. Prov. xiii. 24. qui cohibet virgam suam, odit filium suum; qui autem amat eum, tempestive procurat eruditionem ei. et xix. 18. castiga filium tuum dum spes est, et ad perniciem ejus ne condonato animus tuus. et xxii. 6. instrue puerum pro ratione viæ ipsius; etiam quum valde senuerit, non recedet ab illa. et v. 15. stultitiam alligatam animo pueri, eam virga eruditionis amovebit procul ab ipso. et xxiii. 13, 14. ne subtrahito a puero castigationem; quum percusseris eum virga, non morietur; tu virga percutito eum, et animam ejus a sepulchro eripies. et xxix. 15, 17. virga et correptio dat sapientiam—. Lament. iii. 27, 28. bene est viro huic quum tulerit jugum in pueritia sua—. Deut. xxi. 18, 19, 20. sicui fuerit filius contumax et rebellis, qui non auscultat voci patris sui et voci matris suæ, quamvis castigaverint eum—. Eph. vi. 4. vos patres, ne irritate filios vestros, sed enutrite eos disciplina et admonitione Domini. Col. iii. 21. patres, ne irritate liberos vestros, ne concidant animo.

¶10Opposita sunt indulgentia: qualis erat Eli sacerdotis, 1 Sam. ii. et Davidis erga Absalomum, et Adoniam 1 Reg. i. 6. quem pater ejus nunquam dolore afficiebat, dicendo, quare ita facis? Gen. xxv. 28. amabat Isaac Esauum, quia venatio—.

¶11Et nimia severitas. 1 Sam. xiv. 45. omnino moriturus es, Jonathan.

¶12LIBERORUM officia præcipiuntur Gen. ix. 23, &c. tum accepit Sem pallium ejus—. et xxiv. 15, &c. cum hydria sua humero suo imposita. et xxix. 9. advenit cum pecudibus quæ erant patris sui—. Exod. ii. 16. hauriebant aquam—, ut adaquarent greges patris sui. et xviii. 7. processit Moses obviam socero suo—. et xx. 12. honora patrem tuum—. p. 514 Lev. xix. 3. quisque matrem suam et patrem suum timetote. 1 Sam. xx. 32. dixit Jonathan Sauli, quare morte afficeretur? quid fecit? 1 Reg. ii. 19. quum venisset Bathsheba ad regem—, assurgens rex—. Prov. i. 8. audi, fili mi, eruditionem patris tui, neque deseras doctrinam matris tuæ. et vi. 20, 21. custodi, fili mi, præceptum patris tui—. et xxiii. 22, 24, 25. ausculta patri tuo qui genuit te, neque contemnas quum senuerit matrem tuam—. Jer. xxxv. 5, 6. pater noster interdixit nobis, dicendo—. Eph. vi. 1, 2, 3. liberi, auscultate in Domino parentibus vestris; id enim est justum: honora—. Col. iii. 20. filii, auscultate parentibus in omnibus; hoc enim placet Domino. 1 Tim. v. 4. si qua vidua liberos aut nepotes habet, discant prius in propriam domum pietatem exercere, et vicem rependere parentibus; hoc enim est honestum et acceptum in conspectu Dei.

¶13Exempla contraria sunt in Chamo, Gen. ix. 22. respiciens Cham nuditatem patris sui—. Exod. xxi. 15. qui percutit patrem suum aut matrem suam, omnino morte plectitor. et v. 17. qui maledicit patri suo aut matri suæ, omnino morte plectitor. Lev. xx. 9. idem. Deut. xxi. 18, &c. sicui fuerit filius contumax et rebellis—. et xxvii. 16. maledictus qui vilipendit patrem suum aut matrem suam. Prov. x. 1. filius sapiens lætitia afficit patrem, filius vero stolidus—. et xix. 26. devastat patrem—. et xx. 20. maledicentis patri suo aut matri suæ extinguetur lucerna in nigris tenebris. et xxiii. 22. ausculta patri tuo qui genuit te—. et xxviii. 24. qui diripiens patrem suum aut matrem suam—. et xxx. 17. oculum qui subsannat patrem aut spernit obedientiam matris, hunc effodient corvi vallis, aut comedent eum juvenes aquilæ. Matt. xv. 5. vos dicitis, quicunque dixerit patri—, et nequaquam honoraverit patrem suum aut matrem suam. Marc. vii. 11, 12. idem.

¶14Et nimius honor parentum. Matt. viii. 21, 22. permitte mihi primum abire et sepelire patrem meum.

¶15Ad parentes et liberos per analogiam quandam referuntur tutores et pupilli, præceptores et discipuli, seniores et juniores, quavis denique re superiores et inferiores.

¶16p. 515 TUTORUM officia. 2 Reg. xi. 4, &c. ostendit iis filium regis—.

¶17PUPILLORUM. 2 Reg. xii. 3. fecit Joas quod rectum videtur in oculis Jehovæ omnibus diebus quibus docebat eum Jehoiada.

¶18PRÆCEPTORIS officium in schola prophetica Samuel post res maximas in republica gestas haud indignum senectute sua munus putavit. 1 Sam. xix 20. vidit congregationem prophetarum prophetantium, et Samuelem stantem qui præerat illis.

¶19DISCIPULORUM. 1 Reg. xix. 21. secutus est Eliam, et ministravit ei. et 2 Reg. ii. 2, 4, 6. non derelinquam te.

¶20SENIORUM. Prov. xvi. 31. corona ornatissima est canities, quæ in via justitiæ invenitur. Tit. ii. 2. ut senes sobrii sint, venerabiles, temperantes, sani fide, charitate, tolerantia.

¶21Opposita. Job. xx. 11. ossa ejus implentur peccato adolescentiæ ejus, donec cum eo in pulvere jaceat. Isa. lxv. 20. peccator natus centum annos maledictus erit.

¶22JUNIORUM. Lev. xix. 32. coram canitie assurgito—. 2 Chron. xxxiv. 3. octavo anno regni sui, quum esset adhuc puer, cœpit quærere Deum—. Job. xxxii. 4. Elihu præstolatus fuerat Jobum in verbis, quia seniores essent ipso ætate. et v. 6. ideo veritus sum ac timui ostendere sententiam meam vobis. Psal. xxv. 7. peccatorum pueritiæ meæ ne recorderis—. et cxix. 9. quomodo purificabit puer semitam suam?— et cxlviii. 12. juvenes etiamque virgines laudent nomen Jehovæ. Eccles. xi. 9, 10. lætare, juvenis, in juventa tua—; sed cognosce fore—. et xii. 1, 2, 3. recordare creatoris tui diebus juventutis tuæ. 1 Tim. iv. 12. nemo juventutem tuam contemnito—. et 2 Tim. iii. 15. teque a puero sacras litteras novisse—. Tit. ii. 6. adolescentulos adhortare ut sint moderati.

¶23Opposita. 2 Reg. ii. 23, 24, 25. pueri parvi egressi e civitate illudebant ei—. 2 Chron. xxxvi. 9. natus octo annos—: et fecit quod malum videtur p. 516 in oculis Jehovæ. Psal. lviii. 4. abalienant se improbi inde ab utero—. Prov. xx. 11. actionibus suis præbet se cognoscendum etiam puer—. Isa. iii. 6. superbiet puer in senem.

¶24SUPERIORUM. Ruth. ii. 4. dixit messoribus, Jehova sit vobiscum. Psal. xlix. 21. homo qui est in pretio, neque est intelligens—. Prov. iii. 35. honorem sapientes possident. 1 Pet. iv. 10. prout quisque accepit donum, ita alter alteri illud subministrantes, ut boni dispensatores variæ Dei gratiæ.

¶25Opposita. Prov. xxvi. 1. ut nix æstati, et ut pluvia messi, ita non convenit stulto honor. Eccles. x. 2, 3. est malum quod vidi sub sole, secundum errorem qui procedit a facie imperantis; poni ipsam stoliditatem in dignitatibus celsis et amplis—. Isa. xxiii. 9. ad fœdandum fastum omnis gloriæ—.

¶26De nobilitate autem generis, aut gradu superiore quovis, non esse gloriandum docemur. Deut. xxvi. 5, &c. protestaberis, dicens coram Jehova, Syrus miser erat pater meus—. Job. xii. 21. effundit contemptum super ingenuos—. Psal. lxxv. 8. Deus hunc deprimit, et illum extollit. et cxiii. 7. erigens e pulvere tenuem—. Isa. xxxii. 8. dicetur ingenuus qui ingenua consilia init, et qui rebus ingenuis insistit. Joan. i. 13. qui non ex sanguine—. et iii. 6. quod genitum est ex carne, caro est. et viii. 39. si filii Abrahami essetis, opera Abrahami faceretis.

¶27Superiorum officio opponitur rerum ad se non pertinentium usurpata inspectio. 1 Pet. iv. 15. ἀλλοτριοεπίσκοπος.

¶28INFERIORUM. Prov. xxvi. 8. ut—, ita qui præbet stolido honorem. Ruth. ii. 4. cui dixerunt, benedicat tibi Jehova. et v. 7. legam quæso, et colligam—. 2 Reg. ii. 15. venientes obviam ei, incurvarunt se—. Luc. xiv. 9, 10. quum vocatus fueris, vade discubitum in ultimum locum—. Rom. xiii. 7. reddite omnibus quod debetis—; cui honor, honorem.

¶29Opposita. Jacob. ii. 2, &c. si quis in cœtum vestrum ingrediatur—.

¶30p. 517 FRATRUM INTER SE et COGNATORUM. Gen. iv. 7. erga te est appetitus illius, et tu præes illi. et xiii. 8. ne, quæso, sit contentio inter me et te—, nam viri fratres sumus. et xxix. 11. osculatus Jacob Rachelem, sublata voce sua flevit—. et v. 13. ut accurrens obviam ei amplexaretur atque oscularetur eum—. et xliii. 33. sederunt coram eo, primogenitus secundum primogenituram suam—. Psal. cxxxiii. 2. ecce quam bonum est et quam amœnum habitare fratres etiam una—.

¶31Opposita. 2 Chron. xxi. 4. interfecit omnes fratres suos—. et v. 13, &c. insuper fratres tuos meliores te interfecisti—. Prov. xviii. 19. frater defectione provocatus firmior est urbe munita—.

¶32HERI officia. Exod. xxi. 26, 27. quum percusserit quis oculum servi sui aut oculum ancillæ suæ, ita ut corruperit eum, in libertatem dimittito eum pro oculo ejus—. Job. xxxi. 13. si sprevi causam servi mei aut ancillæ meæ, litigantium mecum. Psal. ci. 6. ambulans via integra, is ministrabit mihi—. et cxxvii. 1, 2. nisi Jehova ædificet domum, frustra laborent ædificatores ejus de ea—. Prov. iii. 33. habitaculo justorum benedicitur. et xiv. 11. tentorium rectorum florebit. et xv. 6. in domo justi robur est magnum. et xxiv. 3, 4. sapientia ædificatur domus—. et xxvii. 23. diligenter cognosce præsentes pecudes tuas—. et xxix. 21. qui delicate educat a pueritia servum suum, tandem erit orbus liberis. Luc. xvii. 7, 8, 9, 10. quis vestrum habet servum arantem—? immo nonne dicit ei; para quod cœnem—: num gratiam habet servo illi quia fecit quæ ipsi edicta fuerant? non puto. Eph. vi. 9. vos domini eadem facite erga illos, remissis minis, scientes vestrum etiam ipsorum Dominum esse in cœlis, nec faciei acceptionem esse apud eum. Col. iv. 1. domini, jus et æquum servis præstate, ut—. 1 Tim. iii. 5. si quis propriæ domui præesse nescit—.

¶33Opposita. Prov. iii. 33. execratio Jehovæ incumbit domui improbi. et xi. 29. qui conturbat domum suam, possidebit ventum—. et xiv. 11. domus improborum perdetur. et xv. 6. proventus improbi conturbatur ex sese. et v. 25. domum superborum evellit Jehova.

¶34p. 518 De possessione et jure in servos Gen. xvii. 12. natus domi tuæ et emptus pecunia—. Lev. xix. 20. quum quis cubaverit cum ancilla—. et xxv. 44, 45, 46. servum tuum aut ancillam tuam qui sunt tui—. 1 Cor. vii. 21, 22. unusquisque in qua vocatione vocatus fuit, in ea maneat: servus vocatus es? ne sit tibi curæ—: et Philemonis epistola. Et eorum qui solvendo non sunt. 2 Reg. iv. 1. creditor venit ad rapiendum duos natos meos sibi in servos. Matt. xviii. 25. jussit eum dominus ejus venundari, et uxorem—.

¶35De castigatione servorum Gen. xvi. 6. ecce ancilla tua in manu tua—. Prov. xxix. 19. verbis non castigatur servus, quum intelligit tamen non respondet. Sed moderata; Exod. xxi. 20, 21, 26, 27. quum percusserit quispiam servum ita ut moriatur—.

¶36De manumissione Hebræorum vide Exod. xxi. 2, 3, 4. Lev. xxv. 39, 40. Deut. xv. 12, 13, 16, 17, &c. Jer. xxxiv.

¶37SERVORUM officia. Gen. xvi. 9. dixit ei angelus Jehova, revertere ad heram tuam, et te patere affligi sub manibus ejus. et xxiv. 9. ponens servus ille manum suam sub femore Abrahami domini sui, juravit ei—. Prov. xvii. 2. servus intelligens dominatur in filium pudefacientem—. et xxv. 13. ut—est legatus fidus mittentibus ipsum: nam animam dominorum suorum restituit. et xxvii. 18. ut qui—ita qui observat dominum suum, honorabitur. Eph. vi. 5, 6, 7, 8. servi, auscultate iis qui vestri domini sunt secundum carnem, cum timore ac tremore, cum simplicitate cordis vestri, ut Christo—. Col. iii. 22, &c. idem. 1 Tim. vi. 1, 2. quicunque sub jugo sunt servi, suos dominos omni honore dignos ducunto, ne nomen Dei et doctrina blasphemetur: qui vero fideles habent dominos, ne eos contemnant quod fideles sint et dilecti—. Tit. ii. 9, 10. servos hortare, ut suis dominis sese subjiciant, ut in omnibus iis placeant, non responsatores, nihil intervertentes, sed omnem bonam fidem ostendentes, ut doctrinam servatoris nostri Dei ornent in omnibus. 1 Pet. ii. 18, 19. servi, subditi estote cum omni timore dominis, non solum bonis et æquis, sed etiam morosis: hoc enim cedit gratiæ—.

¶38p. 519 Opposita sunt. Gen. xvi. 4. levis habita est hera ejus in oculis ejus. 2 Reg. v. 20, &c. dixit Gehazi minister Elisæi viri Dei, ecce cohibuit se dominus meus apud Naamanem Syrum istum, ne acciperet e manu ejus id quod adduxerat; sed ut vivit Jehova, curram post eum, ut accipiam ab eo aliquid—. Prov. x. 26. ut acetum dentibus—, ita est piger mittentibus ipsum. et xxvi. 6. ut qui—, ita violentiæ pœnam ebibet, qui mittit verba per stolidum. et xxx. 22, 23. sub servo quum regnat—.

¶1p. 680 Thus far we have treated of the virtues or special duties which man owes to his neighbour simply as such; we are next to consider those which originate in circumstances of particular relationship. These duties are either private or public.

¶2The private duties are partly domestic, and partly such as are exercised towards those not of our own house. Gen. xviii. 19. I know him, that he will command his children, and his household after him, and they shall keep the way of Jehovah. 1 Tim. v. 8. if any provide not for his own, and specially for those of his own house, he hath denied the faith, and is worse than an infidel.

¶3Under domestic duties are comprehended the reciprocal obligations of husband and wife, parent and child, brethren and kinsmen, master and servant.

¶4THE DUTIES OF HUSBAND AND WIFE are mutual or personal.

¶5Mutual duties. 1 Cor. vii. 3. let the husband render unto the wife due benevolence, and likewise also the wife unto the husband.

¶6The personal duties appertaining to either party respectively are, first, those of the husband. Exod. xxi. 10, 11. her food, her raiment, and her duty of marriage shall he not diminish; and if he do not these three unto p. 681 her, &c. Prov. v. 18, 19. rejoice with the wife of thy youth. Esther i. 22. every man should bear rule in his own house. 1 Cor. xi. 3. I would have you know that the head of every man is Christ, and the head of the woman is the man. Eph. v. 25. husbands, love your wives, even as Christ also loved the church. Col. iii. 19. husbands, love your wives, and be not bitter against them. 1 Pet. iii. 7. likewise, ye husbands, dwell with them according to knowledge, giving honour unto the wife, as unto the weaker vessel. The contrary is reproved Mal. ii. 13, 14, &c. Jehovah hath been witness between thee and the wife of thy youth, against whom thou hast dealt treacherously—. Prov. v. 20, 21. why wilt thou, my son, be ravished with a strange woman?

¶7Personal duties of the wife. Prov. xiv. 1. every wise woman buildeth her house. xix. 14. a prudent wife is from Jehovah. xxxi. 11, &c. the heart of her husband doth safely trust in her. 1 Cor. xi. 3, &c. the woman is the glory of the man; for the man is not of the woman, but the woman of the man. Eph. v. 22—24. wives, submit yourselves unto your own husbands, as unto the Lord; for the husband is the head of the wife, even as Christ is the head of the church, and he is the Saviour of the body; therefore as the church is subject unto Christ, so let the wives be to their own husbands in every thing. Col. iii. 18. wives, submit yourselves unto your own husbands, as it is fit in the Lord. Tit. ii. 4, 5. that they may teach the young women to be sober, to love their husbands, to love their children, to be discreet, chaste, keepers at home, good, obedient to their own husbands, that the word of God be not blasphemed. 1 Pet. iii. 1, &c. likewise, ye wives, be in subjection to your own husbands, &c. The same is implied in the original formation of the woman: Gen. ii. 22. the rib which Jehovah had taken from man, made he a woman; it cannot therefore be fitting that a single member, and that not one of the most important, should be independent of the whole body, and even of the head. Finally, such is the express declaration of God: Gen. iii. 16. he shall rule over thee.⁷

¶8p. 682 Offences against these duties. Exod. iv. 25. a bloody husband art thou to me. Job ii. 9. then said his wife unto him, Dost thou still retain thine integrity? &c. 2 Sam. vi. 20. Michal the daughter of Saul came out to meet David, and said, &c. Prov. ix. 13. a foolish woman is clamorous. vii. 11. her feet abide not in her house.⁸ xiv. 1. the foolish plucketh it down with her hands. xix. 13. the contentions of a wife are a continual dropping. See also xxvii. 15. xxi. 9. it is better to dwell in a corner of the house top, than with a brawling woman in a wide house. v. 19. it is better to dwell in the wilderness, than with a contentious and an angry woman. See also xxv. 24. Eccles. vii. 26. I find more bitter than death the woman whose heart is snares and nets, and her hands as bands: whoso pleaseth God shall escape from her, but the sinner shall be taken by her. Above all, adultery: Deut. xxii. 14, 20. I took this woman, and when I came unto her, I found her not a maid......if this thing be true, &c.

¶9THE DUTIES OF PARENTS are inculcated Deut. iv. 9. teach them thy sons, and thy sons' sons. vi. 6, 7. these words which I command thee this p. 683 day, shall be in thine heart, and thou shalt teach them diligently unto thy children. Prov. xiii. 24. he that spareth his rod hateth his son; but he that loveth him chasteneth him betimes. Prov. xix. 18. chasten thy son while there is hope, and let not thy soul spare for his crying. xxii. 6. train up a child in the way he should go, and when he is old he will not depart from it. v. 15. foolishness is bound in the heart of a child; but the rod of correction shall drive it far from him. xxiii. 13, 14. withhold not correction from the child; for if thou beatest him with the rod, he shall not die: thou shalt beat him with the rod, and deliver his soul from hell. xxix. 15, 17. the rod and reproof give wisdom. Lam. iii. 27, 28. it is good for a man that he bear the yoke in his youth. Deut. xxi. 18—20. if a man have a stubborn and rebellious son, which will not obey the voice of his father or the voice of his mother, and that when they have chastened him will not hearken unto them. Eph. vi. 4. ye fathers, provoke not your children to wrath; but bring them up in the nurture and admonition of the Lord. Coloss. iii. 21. fathers, provoke not your children to anger, lest they be discouraged.

¶10The opposites are, first, unbounded indulgence; as that of Eli the priest, 1 Sam. ii. and of David towards his sons Absalom and Adonijah, 1 Kings i. 6. whom his father had not displeased at any time in saying, Why hast thou done so? Gen. xxv. 28. Isaac loved Esau, because he did eat of his venison.

¶11Secondly, excessive severity. 1 Sam. xiv. 44. thou shalt surely die, Jonathan.

¶12THE DUTIES OF CHILDREN are prescribed Gen. ix. 23. Shem and Japheth took a garment—. xxiv. 15, &c. with her pitcher upon her shoulder—. xxix. 9. Rachel came with her father's sheep. Exod. ii. 16. they came and drew water, and filled the troughs to water their father's flock. xviii. 7. Moses went out to meet his father-in-law. xx. 12. honour thy father and thy mother. Lev. xix. 3. ye shall fear every man his mother and his father. 1 Sam. xx. 32. Jonathan answered Saul his p. 684 father, and said unto him, Wherefore shall he be slain? what hath he done? 1 Kings ii. 19. Bathsheba went unto king Solomon......and the king rose up to meet her. Prov. i. 8. my son, hear the instruction of thy father, and forsake not the law of thy mother. vi. 20, 21. my son, keep thy father's commandment. xxiii. 22, 24, 25. hearken unto thy father that begat thee, and despise not thy mother when she is old. Jer. xxxv. 5, 6. our father commanded us, saying—. Eph. vi. 1—3. children, obey your parents in the Lord; for this is right: honour thy father, &c. Coloss. iii. 20. children, obey your parents in all things; for this is well pleasing unto the Lord. 1 Tim. v. 4. if any widow have children or nephews, let them learn first to show piety at home, and to requite their parents, for that is good and acceptable before God.

¶13–14Contrary to the above is the conduct of Ham, Gen. ix. 22. Ham saw the nakedness of his father. Exod. xxi. 15. he that smiteth his father, or his mother, shall surely be put to death. v. 17. he that curseth his father, or his mother, shall surely be put to death. See also Lev. xx. 9. Deut. xxi. 18. if a man have a stubborn and rebellious son—. xxvii. 16. cursed be he that setteth light by his father or his mother. Prov. x. 1. a wise son maketh a glad father, but a foolish son is the heaviness of his mother. xix. 26. he that wasteth his father, &c. xx. 20. whoso curseth his father or his mother, his lamp shall be put out in obscure darkness. xxiii. 22. hearken unto thy father that begat thee—. xxviii. 24. whoso robbeth his father or his mother—. xxx. 17. the eye that mocketh at his father, and despiseth to obey his mother, the ravens of the valley shall pick it out, and the young eagles shall eat it. Matt. xv. 5. ye say, Whosoever shall say to his father or mother, It is a gift......and honour not his father or his mother, he shall be free. See also Mark vii. 11, 12. Also an extravagant and preposterous regard. Matt. viii. 21, 22. suffer me first to go and bury my father.

¶15Analogous to the relation of parent and child are those of guardian and ward, teacher and pupil, elder and younger; in a word, of superior and inferior, whatever be the ground of distinction.

¶16p. 685 For the duties of GUARDIANS, see 2 Kings xi. 4, &c. he shewed them the king's son, &c.

¶17The duties of WARDS. 2 Kings xii. 2. Jehoash did that which was right in the sight of Jehovah all his days, wherein Jehoiada the priest instructed him.

¶18The prophet Samuel did not consider it beneath his dignity in his old age, after having exercised the most important public functions, to discharge the office of TEACHER in the schools of the prophets.⁹ 1 Sam. xix. 20. they saw the company of the prophets prophesying, and Samuel standing as appointed over them.

¶19The duties of PUPILS. 1 Kings xix. 21. he went after Elijah, and ministered unto him. 2 Kings ii. 2, 4, 6. I will not leave thee.

¶20The duties of the ELDER. Prov. xvi. 31. the hoary head is a crown of glory, if it be found in the way of righteousness. Tit. ii. 2. that the aged men be sober, grave, temperate, sound in faith, in charity, in patience.

¶21The reverse. Job xx. 11. his bones are full of the sin of his youth, which shall lie down with him in the dust. Isai. lxv. 20. the sinner being an hundred years old shall be accursed.

¶22The duties of the YOUNGER. Lev. xix. 32. thou shalt rise up before the hoary head—. 2 Chron. xxxiv. 3. in the eighth year of his reign, while he was yet young, he began to seek after God. Job xxxii. 4. p. 686 Elihu had waited till Job had spoken, because they were elder than he. v. 6. I am young, and ye are very old; wherefore I was afraid, and durst not show you mine opinion. Psal. xxv. 7. remember not the sins of my youth—. cxix. 9. wherewithal shall a young man cleanse his way?— cxlviii. 12. young men and maidens......praise the name of Jehovah. Eccles. xi. 9, 10. rejoice, O young man, in thy youth......but know thou, that for all these things God will bring thee into judgement. xii. 1—3. remember now thy Creator in the days of thy youth. 1 Tim. iv. 12. let no man despise thy youth. 2 Tim. iii. 15. from a child thou hast known the holy scriptures. Tit. ii. 6. young men likewise exhort to be sober-minded.

¶23The reverse. 2 Kings ii. 23. there came forth little children out of the city, and mocked him. 2 Chron. xxxvi. 9. Jehoiachin was eight years old when he began to reign......and he did that which was evil in the sight of Jehovah. Psal. lviii. 3. the wicked are estranged from the womb. Prov. xx. 11. even a child is known by its doings. Isai. iii. 5. the child shall behave himself proudly against the ancient.

¶24The duties of SUPERIORS. Ruth ii. 4. Boaz said unto the reapers, Jehovah be with you. Psal. xlix. 20. man that is in honour, and understandeth not, is like the beasts that perish. Prov. iii. 35. the wise shall inherit glory. 1 Pet. iv. 10. as every man hath received the gift, even so minister the same one to another, as good stewards of the manifold grace of God.

¶25The reverse. Prov. xxvi. 1. as snow in summer, and as rain in harvest, so honour is not seemly for a fool. Eccles. x. 5, 6. there is an evil that I have seen under the sun, as an error which proceedeth from the ruler; folly is set in great dignity—. Isai. xxiii. 9. to stain the pride of all glory—.

¶26We are forbidden to glory in nobility of birth, or in rank, however exalted. Deut. xxvi. 5, &c. thou shalt speak and say before Jehovah thy God, A Syrian ready to perish was my father—. Job xii. 21. he p. 687 poureth contempt upon princes. Psal. lxxv. 7. God is the judge, he putteth down one, and setteth up another. cxiii. 7. he raiseth up the poor out of the dust. Isai. xxxii. 8. the liberal deviseth liberal things, and by liberal things shall he stand. John i. 13. which were born, not of blood—. iii. 6. that which is born of the flesh is flesh. viii. 39. if ye were Abraham's children, ye would do the works of Abraham.

¶27Opposed to the proper duty of a superior, is an unauthorized assumption of censorial power. 1 Pet. iv. 15. a busybody in other men's matters.

¶28The duties of INFERIORS. Prov. xxvi. 8. as he that bindeth a stone in a sling, so is he that giveth honour to a fool. Ruth ii. 4. they answered him, Jehovah bless thee. v. 7. I pray you, let me glean and gather after the reapers. 2 Kings ii. 15. they came to meet him, and bowed themselves to the ground before him. Luke xiv. 9, 10. when thou art bidden, go and sit down in the lowest room. Rom. xiii. 7. render therefore to all their dues......honour to whom honour.

¶29The reverse. James ii. 2, &c. if there come unto your assembly a man with a gold ring, &c.

¶30The duties of BRETHREN and KINSMEN. Gen. iv. 7. unto thee shall be his desire, and thou shalt rule over him. xiii. 8. let there be no strife, I pray thee, between thee and me....for we be brethren. xxix. 11. Jacob kissed Rachel, and lifted up his voice, and wept. v. 13. he ran to meet him, and embraced him, and kissed him. xliii. 33. they sat before him, the first-born according to his birth-right—. Psal. cxxxiii. 1. behold how good and how pleasant it is for brethren to dwell together in unity.

¶31The reverse. 2 Chron. xxi. 4. he slew all his brethren—. v. 13. and also hast slain thy brethren of thy father's house, which were better than thyself. Prov. xviii. 19. a brother offended is harder to be won than a strong city.

¶32p. 688 The duties of MASTERS. Exod. xxi. 26, 27. if a man strike the eye of his servant, or the eye of his maid, that it perish, he shall let him go free for his eye's sake. Job xxxi. 13. if I did despise the cause of my man-servant, or of my maid-servant, when they contended with me. Psal. ci. 6. he that walketh in a perfect way, he shall serve me. cxxvii. 1, 2. except Jehovah build the house, they labour in vain that build it. Prov. iii. 33. he blesseth the habitation of the just. xiv. 11. the tabernacle of the upright shall flourish. xv. 6. in the house of the righteous is much treasure. xxiv. 3, 4. through wisdom is an house builded, &c. xxvii. 23. be thou diligent to know the state of thy flocks—. xxix. 21. he that delicately bringeth up his servant from a child, shall have him become his son at the length. Luke xvii. 7—10. which of you having a servant plowing.....will not rather say unto him, Make ready wherewith I may sup......doth he thank that servant because he did the things that were commanded him? I trow not. Eph. vi. 9. and ye, masters, do the same things unto them, forbearing threatening; knowing that your master also is in heaven, neither is there respect of persons with him. Col. iv. 1. masters, give unto your servants that which is just and equal, &c. 1 Tim. iii. 5. if a man know not how to rule his own house, &c.

¶33The reverse. Prov. iii. 33. the curse of Jehovah is in the house of the wicked. xi. 29. he that troubleth his own house shall inherit the wind. xiv. 11. the house of the wicked shall be overthrown. xv. 6. in the revenues of the wicked is trouble. v. 25. Jehovah will destroy the house of the proud.

¶34Respecting the possession of slaves, and the extent of the master's authority, see Gen. xvii. 12. he that is born in the house, or bought with money of any stranger—. Levit. xix. 20. whosoever lieth carnally with a woman that is a bondmaid, &c. xxv. 44—46. both thy bondmen and thy bondmaids which thou shalt have, &c. 1 Cor. vii. 21, 22. let every man abide in the same calling wherein he was called......art thou called being a servant, care not for it. See also the epistle to Philemon. Concerning the forfeiture, by insolvency, of the rights of freedom, see 2 Kings iv. 1. the creditor is come to take unto him my p. 689 two sons to be bondmen. Matt. xviii. 25. his lord commanded him to be sold, and his wife, &c.

¶35Respecting the punishment of slaves, see Gen. xvi. 6. behold, the maid is in thine hand, do to her as it pleaseth thee. Prov. xxix. 19. a servant will not be corrected by words; for, though he understand, he will not answer. Punishment, however, should not exceed due limits. Exod. xxi. 20, 21, 26, 27. if a man smite his servant, or his maid, and he die—.

¶36Respecting the manumission of Hebrew slaves, see Exod. xxi. 2—4. Levit. xxv. 39, 40. Deut. xv. 12, 13, 16, 17, &c. Jer. xxxiv.

¶37The duties of SERVANTS. Gen. xvi. 9. the angel of Jehovah said unto her, Return to thy mistress, and submit thyself under her hands. xxiv. 9. the servant put his hand under the thigh of Abraham his master, and sware to him—. Prov. xvii. 2. a wise servant shall have rule over a son that causeth shame—. xxv. 13. so is a faithful messenger to them that send him, for he refresheth the soul of his masters. xxvii. 18. he that waiteth on his master shall be honoured. Eph. vi. 5—8. servants, be obedient to them that are your masters according to the flesh, with fear and trembling, in singleness of your heart, as unto Christ—. See also Col. iii. 22, &c. 1 Tim. vi. 1, 2. let as many servants as are under the yoke count their own masters worthy of all honour, that the name of God and his doctrine be not blasphemed: and they that have believing masters, let them not despise them.....because they are faithful and beloved. Tit. ii. 9, 10. exhort servants to be obedient unto their own masters, and to please them in all things, not answering again, not purloining, but showing all fidelity, that they may adorn the doctrine of God our Saviour in all things. 1 Pet. ii. 18, 19. servants, be subject to your masters with all fear, not only to the good and gentle, but also to the froward; for this is thankworthy—.

¶38The reverse. Gen. xvi. 4. her mistress was despised in her eyes. 2 Kings v. 20, &c. Gehazi, the servant of Elisha the man of God, said, p. 690 Behold, my master hath spared Naaman this Syrian, in not receiving at his hands that which he brought; but as Jehovah liveth, I will run after him, and take somewhat of him. Prov. x. 26. as vinegar to the teeth......so is the sluggard to them that send him. xxvi. 6. he that sendeth a message by the hand of a fool cutteth off the feet, and drinketh damage. xxx. 22, 23. for a servant when he reigneth, &c.

Checked against Junius–Tremellius (Hanau 1603), the Bible Milton cited, off the page images. The rows below were printed above as La errors silently corrected by Sumner. They are not errors: J–T divides these chapters at different points from the KJV, so Milton's numbers are correct in his own Bible and Sumner was converting, not repairing. Method, evidence and the full division table: M4-RUNBOOK §11 and §12.

⚠ The tables above are left as printed rather than rewritten — seven chunks' tables re-keyed by hand is how a transcription error enters. This block governs; where the two disagree, this one is right.

| La (printed) | En (printed) | chapter | J–T | |---|---|---|---| | Isa. iii. 6 | Isai. iii. 5 | Isa 3 | +1 through the whole chapter | | Eccles. x. 2, 3 | Eccles. x. 5, 6 | Eccl 10 | J–T's ch. X opens at KJV 10:4 — +3 |

★ This chunk shares the `Eccles. x. 2, 3` row with II.xvii, and that chapter built an argument on the coincidence — that the error "travels with the passage" and that Sumner corrected it twice independently. Both chunks are corrected: it is one man citing one Bible twice, and there was never a fault to correct.

### ⚠ SECOND CORRECTION 2026-08-28 — `1 Sam. xiv. 45` is versification, not a printed error

The table above calls it "La is a printed error — omnino moriturus es, Jonathan is Saul's speech at 14:44". The quotation is identified correctly and the conclusion does not follow. Junius–Tremellius opens 1 Samuel 14 at KJV 13:23 — a constant +1 checked at six verses on leaf 252 — so J–T 14:45 is KJV 14:44, and Milton cited his own Bible exactly.

⚠ This is the failure mode M4-RUNBOOK §13.3 names: a quotation identifies a verse in KJV terms and cannot distinguish a wrong digit from a small offset. Under an offset, Milton's number points at the very words the note quotes. Corrected per M4-RUNBOOK §15.